I'm happy to provide some clarity here! The store connection between the two platforms is not actively checking for new orders every minute of everyday. The stress that would put on both backend systems is simply too much.
Instead, what happens is that the "automatic refresh" attempts to reach back to the store at an interval that the algorithm deems appropriate based on your number of orders shipped, frequency of pulling in new orders when unattended, quantity of orders pulled in per order update, and other factors. This currently cannot be manually adjusted to update more regularly.
With that in mind, if you know that you have an order waiting in Etsy to come into your ShipStation account, you can manually start that refresh from the Circle Arrow in the top right hand corner 🙂
So I have this problem as well, but with an online website. I am seeing times of about and hour for import of a new order and still will not import when I know there is an order on the website that is waiting to be fulfilled. Using the order refresh does not bring in the order andI have not been able to find out why.